statistics: mean, median and quantiles
The statistics module describes a list of numbers without any extra installs.
mean is the average; one extreme value can pull it far from typical. median is the middle value (the average of the two middle values for an even count), so outliers barely move it.mode is the most common value; multimode returns every value tied for most common.stdev is the sample standard deviation, the usual choice for data that's a sample; pstdev is for a whole population.quantiles(data, n=4) gives the three quartile cut points, Q1, Q2 and Q3. The gap Q3 - Q1 is the interquartile range (IQR), and values beyond Q3 + 1.5 × IQR are a common outlier rule.
On an empty list these functions raise statistics.StatisticsError, so check for empty data first, or catch it.
import statistics as st
minutes = [4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 48]
st.mean(minutes), st.median(minutes), st.multimode(minutes)
Out: (12.5, 5.5, [5]). One 48-minute call pulls the mean to 12.5; the median stays at 5.5.